She governed France in the name of a boy who needed to put both hands to his crown to keep it steady. Marie de' Medici was his mother and his regent. The difficulty would come when he wanted to govern for himself.
Marie de Bourbon's daughter inherited her fortune at six days old. People would tell her how fortunate she was. She would grow up to give a different account.
The death of Catherine-Charlotte de Gramont on June 4 1678 brought a quiet end to a life defined by open defiance of her marriage and high-profile romantic liaisons at the French court. She was the daughter of Antoine de Gramont, a Marshal of France, and a grandniece of Cardinal Richelieu. In 1660, she married Louis Grimaldi, the Duke of Valentinois and heir to the throne of Monaco, in an alliance designed to strengthen ties between the French nobility and the sovereign Grimaldi family. When her husband ascended the throne as Prince Louis I in 1662, she became the Princess consort of Monaco.